This document is provided by the College of Optometrists in vision development.
Definition:
Binocular vision is the ability to align both eyes accurately on an object and combine the visual images from each eye into a single, in-depth perception. A binocular vision dysfunction is a sensorimotor anomaly characterized by the inability to efficiently, accurately and comfortably sustain eye teaming.

Signs and Symptoms:
The signs and symptoms associated with general binocular vision dysfunction may include, but are not limited to, the following:

Transient blurred vision
Headaches
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Inaccurate/inconsistent visual attention/concentration to another and/or awareness
Diminished accuracy
Distractibility while performing visually demanding tasks
Abnormal postural adaptation/abnormal working distance
Difficulty sustaining near visual function
Inconsistent work production
General fatigue
Reduced efficiency and productivity
Dizziness/vertigo; especially during or after sustained visually demanding tasks
Diminished performance with time on task
Light sensitivity
Avoidance of visually demanding tasks
Double vision
Motion sickness
Inaccurate/inconsistent depth judgement
Incoordination/clumsiness
Spatial disorientation
Inaccurate eye-hand coordination
General eye/visual discomfort
Illusory movement
Pain in or around the eyes
Occupational/vocational limitations
Therapeutic Management Considerations:
The doctor of optometry determines appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic modalities and frequency of evaluation and follow-up, based upon the urgency and nature of the patient's conditions and unique needs.

Prescribed Treatment Regimen:
The goal of the prescribed treatment is to address the underlying condition and alleviate the presenting signs and symptoms. Most general binocular dysfunctions require optometric vision therapy/orthoptics to develop accurate and effective eye teaming. This condition rarely resolves when left untreated. Treatment duration will depend upon the particular patient's condition and associated circumstances. At the conclusion of the active treatment regimen, periodic follow-up evaluation is required. Therapeutic lenses may be prescribed during or at the conclusion of active vision therapy to assist in the maintenance of long-term stability.